Gave up waiting for root device. Common problems:
- Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline)
- Check rootdelay= (did the system wait long enough?)
- Check root= (did the system wait for the right device?)
- Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev)
ALERT! /dev/disk/
I tried cranking up the rootdelay at the grub edit screen without luck. I finally checked the BIOS settings and noticed that it was set to boot as BIOS compatible. Changing it to UEFI and reinstalling fixed the problem. It now boots like one would expect.